5801 - Woven pile fabrics and chenille fabrics, other than fabrics of heading 5802 or 5806:
Sub-classifications
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5801 1000 00
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5801 2100 00
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5801 22
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5801 2300 00
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5801 2600
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5801 27
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5801 90
Overview
This HTS category, 5801, encompasses a specific group of woven fabrics characterized by their pile or chenille construction. These fabrics are distinct from those found in headings 5802 (tufted fabrics) and 5806 (narrow woven fabrics). The defining feature is the raised surface created by loops of yarn that are either cut or left uncut, or by short, dense pile formed by interlocked weft threads. Chenille fabrics, also included here, are recognized by their fuzzy appearance achieved through a unique weaving process that creates a caterpillar-like effect.
Unlike sibling categories in other chapters that might cover raw materials, machinery, or finished articles, heading 5801 strictly focuses on these specialized woven textile constructions. The distinction from other woven fabrics lies in the unique textural and visual properties imparted by the pile or chenille technique, differentiating them from plain weaves, twills, or satins. The classification here is based on the method of fabric construction and the resulting surface appearance.
Within heading 5801, further subdivisions are made based on the primary textile material used. Subcategories distinguish between fabrics made from wool or fine animal hair, cotton, man-made fibers, and other textile materials. This granular breakdown is crucial for accurate tariff determination, as the origin and type of fiber significantly impact trade policies and duties. These subcategories allow for precise identification of the specific fabric type being imported or exported.