2916.31.11 - Benzoic acid and its salts

This HTS category encompasses benzoic acid, its salts, and its esters. Benzoic acid itself is a simple aromatic carboxylic acid with the formula C₆H₅COOH. Its salts are formed when the acidic hydrogen is replaced by a metal cation, such as sodium benzoate or potassium benzoate. Esters of benzoic acid are derived from the reaction of benzoic acid with an alcohol. These compounds are widely used in various industries, including as preservatives in food and cosmetics, in the production of pharmaceuticals, dyes, and plasticizers.

Distinguishing this category from its sibling involves understanding the scope of "Other" under aromatic monocarboxylic acids. While this specific node precisely details benzoic acid and its derivatives, a sibling category would likely cover other aromatic monocarboxylic acids not specifically enumerated here, such as salicylic acid or cinnamic acid, and their respective salts and esters. The precise chemical structure and functional groups define the classification within these granular levels.

The subcategories within 2916.31.11 further refine the classification based on the specific form of the benzoic acid derivative. "Benzoic acid" as a subcategory covers the pure acid itself. "Sodium benzoate" specifically addresses the common salt form, which is frequently imported for its preservative properties. "Other" serves as a catch-all for any remaining salts or esters of benzoic acid that do not fall under the more specific enumerations, ensuring comprehensive coverage of this chemical group.