9405.41 - Photovoltaic, designed for use solely with light- emitting diode (LED) light sources:

This HTS category, 9405.41, specifically covers electric luminaires and lighting fittings, including searchlights and spotlights, designed for use *solely* with light-emitting diode (LED) light sources. The key defining characteristic here is the exclusive reliance on LED technology for illumination. This excludes traditional incandescent, fluorescent, or halogen-based lighting fixtures, even if they might incorporate some LED components for secondary functions like indicator lights.

It is crucial to distinguish 9405.41 from its sibling category, 9405.42. While both are "Other electric luminaires and lighting fittings" designed for LED use, 9405.42 is a more general classification for LED-based luminaires that do not meet the specific criteria of 9405.41, suggesting 9405.41 may represent a more specialized or perhaps a foundational design for LED integration within the broader category. The residual category, 9405.49.00.00, serves as a catch-all for any remaining electric luminaires and lighting fittings not otherwise specified.

Within this classification, subcategories exist to further refine the nature of the luminaires. Goods may be classified under "Of base metal," indicating luminaires where base metals form a significant structural component of their construction. Alternatively, goods fall under "Other," which encompasses luminaires constructed from materials other than base metals, or where the use of base metal is not predominant. This distinction is important for material-based tariff considerations.