9027.89.45.60 - Physical analysis instruments and apparatus

HTS code 9027.89.45.60 covers electrical instruments and apparatus specifically designed for physical analysis. These devices employ electrical principles to measure and analyze the physical properties of substances, distinguishing them from instruments focused solely on chemical analysis. Examples within this subcategory include electrical conductivity meters, dielectric constant meters, and certain types of particle size analyzers that operate based on electrical properties or signals.

This category differentiates itself from its sibling, 9027.89.45.30 (Chemical analysis instruments and apparatus), by its primary mode of operation and analytical focus. While chemical analysis instruments often rely on reactions or chemical interactions to derive results, electrical instruments in this code primarily utilize electrical measurements, phenomena, or signals to determine physical characteristics like resistance, capacitance, electrical potential, or the response of a material to electrical fields.

As a leaf node in the HTS, 9027.89.45.60 does not have further subdivisions. Therefore, classification within this code relies on ensuring the instrument's principal function is physical analysis and that its operation is fundamentally electrical. Items classified here should not fall under more specific subheadings within the 9027.89 category or other HTS chapters that may cover electrical measuring equipment with a different primary purpose.