8601 - Rail locomotives powered from an external source of electricity or by electric accumulators (batteries):

This HTS category, 8601, encompasses railway locomotives that derive their motive power from either an external electricity supply or onboard electric storage batteries. These are distinct from other chapters within Section XVII that cover different modes of transport, such as road vehicles (Chapter 87) or aircraft (Chapter 88). Within the broader context of Chapter 86, which deals with railway and tramway equipment, this heading specifically addresses the powered units that propel trains along tracks, differentiating them from rolling stock like carriages or wagons, or from track fixtures.

The primary distinction within this heading lies in the method of electrical power acquisition. Subcategory 8601.10.00.00 covers locomotives that draw electricity directly from an overhead line, a third rail, or similar external electrical infrastructure. In contrast, subcategory 8601.20.00.00 is reserved for locomotives that operate solely on stored energy from rechargeable batteries, offering a distinct operational and infrastructure requirement. This subdivision allows for precise classification based on the locomotive's independent power source capabilities.