8541.43.00 - Photovoltaic cells assembled in modules or made up into panels

This HTS category, 8541.43.00, encompasses photovoltaic cells that have been assembled into modules or are incorporated into panels. This includes both finished solar panels and modular units designed for solar energy generation. The key characteristic is that the individual photovoltaic cells are no longer separate but are integrated into a larger, functional assembly.

It is crucial to distinguish this category from its sibling, 8541.42.00, which covers photovoltaic cells that are *not* assembled into modules or panels. While both deal with photovoltaic technology, this node specifically addresses the stage where individual cells are combined for practical application in solar energy systems, whereas 8541.42.00 covers the unassembled components. This distinction is vital for accurate tariff application.

Within 8541.43.00, further subdivisions exist to account for specific material compositions. Subcategory 8541.43.00.10 specifically classifies crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells, which are a dominant technology in the solar industry. The residual category, 8541.43.00.80, covers all other types of photovoltaic cells assembled into modules or panels that do not meet the criteria for crystalline silicon classification, ensuring comprehensive coverage.