8541.42.00 - Photovoltaic cells not assembled in modules or made up into panels

This HTS classification, 8541.42.00, specifically covers individual photovoltaic (PV) cells that have not yet been assembled into modules or integrated into larger panels. These are the fundamental semiconductor devices designed to convert sunlight directly into electricity. Examples include single-junction solar cells made from silicon or other photovoltaic materials. The key characteristic for classification under this heading is that these cells are presented in their un-assembled state, meaning they are not yet a functional unit for practical power generation.

It is important to distinguish 8541.42.00 from its sibling categories. Unlike 8541.41.00.00, which covers light-emitting diodes (LEDs), this category is exclusively for light-sensitive devices that generate electricity. Furthermore, it differs from 8541.43.00, which is designated for photovoltaic cells that have already been assembled into modules or made up into panels, forming a more complete and integrated solar power generation unit. The distinction lies in the level of assembly and integration of the photovoltaic cells.

The subcategories within 8541.42.00 further refine the classification based on the material composition of the photovoltaic cells. Subcategory 8541.42.00.10 is for crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells, which are the most common type used in solar technology and often subject to specific statistical notes. The residual category, 8541.42.00.80, encompasses all other types of un-assembled photovoltaic cells not made of crystalline silicon, ensuring comprehensive coverage for all variations of these essential solar components.