8534.00.00 - Printed circuits

This HTS category, 8534.00.00, specifically covers printed circuits. These are essential components in electronic devices, consisting of conductive pathways, components, or both, etched, printed, or otherwise formed on or between or joined to, a flat substrate of insulated material. They are the backbone of modern electronics, providing the physical structure for electrical connections between electronic components.

Unlike other categories within Section XVI that might cover raw materials for electronics or complete electronic devices, 8534.00.00 is narrowly focused on the manufactured printed circuit boards themselves. For instance, it is distinct from categories that might cover discrete electronic components like resistors or capacitors (typically found in Chapter 85, but at different headings), or the assembled end-use products such as televisions or radios. The key differentiator is the presence of pre-formed conductive patterns on a substrate.

Within this heading, further classification is typically achieved through subheadings that distinguish between different types of printed circuits based on their construction. Subcategories often differentiate based on whether the printed circuit is made of plastics, and if so, whether it is impregnated and of the non-flexible type, or if it falls under a more general "other" classification for materials and constructions not specifically detailed. This allows for more granular tariff treatment based on the specific manufacturing process and material composition.