8461.30 - Broaching machines:

HTS code 8461.30 specifically encompasses broaching machines, which are designed for the removal of material through the use of a cutting tool that moves linearly in a single direction. These machines are distinguished from their siblings by their unique broaching operation, which utilizes a multi-point cutting tool to produce internal or external shapes, grooves, or surfaces with high precision and excellent surface finish in a single pass. Unlike shaping or slotting machines (8461.20) which use reciprocating tools to create grooves or flat surfaces, or gear cutting machines (8461.40) dedicated to producing gear teeth, broaching machines are specialized for creating complex geometries that would be difficult or inefficient to achieve with other machining methods.

Further breakdown within 8461.30 is provided by subcategories that differentiate based on the control mechanism of the broaching machine. The category "Numerically controlled" (8461.30.40) applies to machines that utilize computer programming to dictate the tool path and operations, offering advanced automation and flexibility for intricate tasks. The "Other" subcategory (8461.30.80) covers broaching machines that are not numerically controlled, typically operating through manual settings or simpler mechanical controls, and are often used for more repetitive or less complex broaching applications.