7412 - Copper tube or pipe fittings (for example couplings, elbows, sleeves):

This HTS category encompasses a wide range of fittings specifically designed for use with copper tubes and pipes. These include components like couplings used to join two pipes, elbows for changing the direction of pipe runs, and sleeves used for joining or reinforcing pipes. The primary function of these articles is to facilitate the assembly, connection, and modification of copper piping systems, commonly found in plumbing, refrigeration, and industrial applications.

Distinguishing this category from its siblings at the same level, such as live animals (Chapter 01) or other base metal articles (various chapters in Section XV), is straightforward due to the distinct material and specific product type. While other categories within Chapter 74 might cover raw copper forms or other finished copper articles, 7412 is exclusively for the fittings used in conjunction with copper conduits. This ensures that components essential for the integrity and functionality of copper pipe networks are correctly identified.

Within this classification, further distinction is made based on the material composition of the fittings themselves. Subcategory 7412.10.00.00 specifically covers fittings manufactured from refined copper, which is copper of a high purity. In contrast, subcategory 7412.20.00 addresses fittings made from copper alloys, such as brass or bronze, which are combinations of copper with other metals to achieve specific properties like increased strength or corrosion resistance. This subdivision is crucial for determining applicable duties and trade regulations.