6813 - Friction material and articles thereof (for example, sheets, rolls, strips, segments, discs, washers, pads), not mounted, for brakes, for clutches or the like, with a basis of asbestos, of other mineral substances or of cellulose, whether or not combined with textile or other materials:

HTS 6813 encompasses a specific range of friction materials and articles thereof, designed for use in braking and clutch systems, as well as similar applications. These materials are characterized by their composition, which includes a basis of asbestos, other mineral substances, or cellulose. They may also incorporate textile or other materials to enhance their performance properties. The key distinguishing feature of this category is its focus on the *friction* aspect and the *unmounted* nature of the articles. Examples include brake pads, clutch facings, and brake linings that are not yet integrated into a larger assembly.

This category is distinct from other HTS chapters that might cover raw mineral substances (Chapter 25) or finished mechanical parts (Chapters 84-87). While other sections might deal with textiles or paper products, HTS 6813 specifically targets the application and material composition of friction components used in mechanical systems. The crucial distinction lies in the *functionality* of the material as a friction element, rather than its base material in isolation.

Within HTS 6813, a primary subdivision is made based on the presence of asbestos. Subcategory 6813.20.00 explicitly covers friction materials containing asbestos, reflecting specific regulatory and health considerations associated with this material. The alternative subcategory, not explicitly listed but implied, addresses friction materials that do not contain asbestos, allowing for classification based on mineral substances or cellulose, often in combination with other reinforcing or binding agents. This division is critical for determining appropriate duty rates and compliance requirements.