0301 - Live fish:

This HTS category, 0301, encompasses live fish intended for various purposes, excluding those specifically classified under other headings. This includes fish for aquaculture, restocking, scientific research, or as live food sources. The key differentiator for this chapter is the "live" state of the fish, meaning they are alive at the time of importation.

Distinguishing 0301 from its sibling categories, such as those covering live animals like horses, cattle, or poultry (e.g., 0101-0105), is fundamental. While all fall under the broader umbrella of live animals, 0301 is exclusively dedicated to aquatic vertebrates, specifically fish, whereas the '01' chapter covers terrestrial animals. This focus on biological classification is a core principle within the HTS.

Within 0301, further subdivisions categorize live fish based on their intended use and species. The primary distinction is between ornamental fish, which are primarily kept for aesthetic purposes in aquariums and ponds, and other live fish. This secondary classification allows for specific treatment and tariff application based on whether the fish are destined for display and leisure or for broader commercial purposes such as food production or conservation efforts.